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MainDB: Vulnerability and risk assessments of agriculture sectors in Viet Nam

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Title

Vulnerability and risk assessments of agriculture sectors in Viet Nam

NWPWeblink

NWPTypeOfOrganization

UN and affiliated organization

NWPGeographicRegion

Asia

Scope of work

NWPMandatesandFrameworks

NWPModalityApproachandMechanism

NWPEffortsToAddressSOE

NWPRelevantStakeholders

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NWPImpactAreas

NWPOutputs

Good practices and lessons learned

Good practices:

Ensure risk identification and adaptation planning is an iterative process with continuous updates to reflect changing conditions and priorities.

Integrate insights from VRAs into adaptation planning at the national level

Use VRA findings to quantify potential Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) targets for the agriculture sectors.

Lessons learned:

Access to data to assess specific indicators is key

Ground-truthing of computed results is important

Field research is necessary to identify suitable adaptation options

Different sectors require tailored risk and vulnerability and risk assessment methodologies

NWPGapsChallenges

Date of submission

Abbreviation

Activities

Adaptation element

Vulnerability assessment

Adaptation sector/theme

Agriculture; Water resources

Climate hazard

Desertification; Drought; Erratic rainfall; Extreme heat; Floods; Sea level rise

Country

Viet Nam

NWPDataSource

Description

The “Vulnerability and risk assessments of agriculture sectors in Viet Nam” was conducted in Viet Nam, a country considered to be among the most vulnerable countries to climate change with its agriculture sectors particularly susceptible to the impacts of climate change. To understand climate-induced risk, this case study presents the results of climate change vulnerability and risk assessments (VRAs) at the national level for the crop, livestock, aquaculture, and water resources sectors. The assessments can be used to identify and subsequently prioritize adaptation actions and develop recommendations and actions for the agriculture sectors’ inclusion in Viet Nam’s National Adaptation Plan (NAP).

Alongside the VRAs, a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of a range of adaptation options was undertaken to facilitate the prioritization of options. The objectives of this case study are to support sectoral adaptation planning, budgeting, and policy formulation. Lessons learned from these endeavors can provide insights for other countries that like Viet Nam are seeking to develop an evidence-based and climate risk-informed National Adaptation Plan (NAP) and/or adaptation plans for the agriculture sector. The work was implemented under the Integrating Agriculture in National Adaptation Plans (NAP–Ag) programme.

Expected outcome

Further information

http://www.fao.org/3/cb3776en/cb3776en.pdf

NWPGeographicScope

National; Regional

Indicators of achievement

NWPInformationType

Case study

NWPJoinDate

31/08/2021

NWPPartner

Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations

Purpose

Regional group

Target group

Academics and scientists; Policy makers; Practitioners

NWPWorkStream

NWP

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Outcome-Vulnerability assessments:

VRAs were conducted for the crops, livestock and aquaculture sectors and the water resources sector to inform the design of sector-specific measures for Viet Nam’s NAP. The studies adopted similar approaches to prepare vulnerability indices based on an assessment of more than 80 indicators, including 7 climate change exposure indicators, 25 climate change sensitivity indicators and 18 climate change adaptive indicators for crops, livestock and aquaculture, as well as 30 indicators for water resources infrastructure.

Based on climatic, socio-economic and agricultural data, a unique vulnerability index (VI) was developed for 6 crops (rice, maize, sugarcane, coffee, fruits, cassava), 5 livestock (pigs, poultry, cattle, buffaloes, dairy), and 2 aquaculture varieties (fish, shrimp). In addition, a VI was developed for 53 813 water resources infrastructure assets (8 594 reservoirs, 9 108 pumping stations, 11 916 weirs, 18 874 canals and 5 428 sluices).

The aggregated climate VIs allow for better targeting of adaptation measures by providing a spatially explicit overview of the climate risk faced by each sector at district level. The VIs show that the most vulnerable regions by sector are the Northern Central Coastal Region (NCR) (for crops and aquaculture sectors), the Southeast Region (SER) (for aquaculture), the Mekong River Delta (MRD) (for aquaculture and crops), the Northern West Mountainous Region (NWM) (for crops), and the Red River Delta (RRD) (for livestock).

The VRA of water resources infrastructure shows the VIs and measures the overall risk to specific infrastructure assets. Over 36 percent of sampled reservoirs were classified to be very highly or highly vulnerable to climate change and almost 57 percent of pumping stations assessed were classified to be of very high or high vulnerability.

Outcome - Cost benefit analysis:

Adaptation measures to address the climate risks were identified for each sector and cost-benefit analysis (CBA) was conducted. Together with the VIs, the outcomes of the CBA were used to prioritise potentially promising adaptation measures in the crops, aquaculture, and livestock sectors such as rice intensification and integrated cassava and peanut cultivation. In the water resources sector, the CBA helped prioritise infrastructure assets where adaptation measures would both improve their resilience to climate change and minimise potential climate change impacts on society.

NWPPartners

Type of knowledge resource

Scale of work

NWPSlowOnsetEvents

NWPReferences

Please refer to the references mentioned in the case study

Implementing partners

The Integrating Agriculture in National Adaptation Plans (NAP–Ag) programme was led by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), with generous support from the International Climate Initiative (IKI) of the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMU). The Integrating Agriculture in National Adaptation Plans (NAP–Ag) programme provided financial support to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MARD) of Viet Nam, and was conducted between December 2016 and December 2018, comprehensive climate change vulnerability and risk assessments (VRAs) at the national level for the crop, livestock, aquaculture, and water resources sectors.

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SourceItemID

2198

NWPSecendaryEmail

NWPPrimaryEmail

NWPTypeOfKnowledge

Technical document/report

NWPCountryItem

NWPRelevantWeblinks

Attachments

Content Type: NWPSearchableItem